Microsoft’s Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) has reported on new cyber-threat activity targeting defense technology companies connected to the US, Israel, and the EU, and maritime companies in the Middle East. DEV-0343, as MSTIC has dubbed the activity, has been linked to the Iranian government. Although the specific perpetrators are not yet identified, the attacks have offered valuable insights into regional tensions, and the thought process behind Iran’s deployment of technically sophisticated hackers. The DEV-0343 activity indicates Iran’s aim to undercut adversaries’ competitive advantages, by using stolen information to glean insights that will hone future plans and projects.